Introduction to Biology Lesson 1 by Owen Borville August 9, 2024 Biology, Biosciences
Biology is the academic study of life.
Science in the Latin language means "knowledge."
Scientific Method is an orderly process used to research and experiment a particular topic.
Hypothesis a guess that is later tested.
Theory is stronger than a hypothesis and based on observation or experiments.
Biology is a Natural Science and a Life Science
Life Science focuses on the study of living things on Earth while physical science focuses on the nonliving things on Earth. However, both are connected and related.
Scientific Reasoning involves: Inductive Reasoning and Deductive Reasoning (both are used in science)
Inductive Reasoning uses observations to make a conclusion. (descriptive science)
Deductive Reasoning uses a general principle or law to make a conclusion. (hypothesis-based science)
The Scientific Method: Sir Francis Bacon of Britain is given credit, however, the scientific method was used by earlier philosophers and scientists.
Propose Hypothesis=Test Hypothesis
Variable=is the part of an experiment that can change.
Control or control group=in the experiment is kept the same or neutral and used as a benchmark to see how the variable changes.
Scientific Method Steps=Observation=Question=Hypothesis=Prediction=Experiment=Result=Conclusion
Basic Science=seeks knowledge without application
Applied Science=seeks applications to knowledge or technology.
Many scientific discoveries are made by unexpected accident, when the scientist was looking for something else.
Scientists report their research work by peer review, by publishing a report in a scientific journal or book, and the consensus in the field gives approval of the work.
A scientific paper begins with an Abstract, which is a short and concise summary of one or more scientist's research.
The introduction is the next part of the scientific paper, which gives background information about the scientist's research.
Materials and methods used in the scientific study are described next.
Then the results of the research are explained and discussed further.
A conclusion section is written next in the scientific paper.
Sources of information used in the research are formally cited in the scientific paper in order to maintain credibility.
Ethics are important in scientific research, so that no person, animal, or the environment is harmed or treated unfairly during the research.
Themes and Concepts in Biology
Order and design is apparent theme and concept in biology, biosciences, and the biosphere on Earth.
Living things (organisms) respond to stimuli because of sensitivity, which is a characteristic of all living things.
Living things reproduce new offspring.
Adaptation of living things to their environment is part of their Intelligent Design.
Living things grow and develop.
Living things show the ability to regulate and homeostasis, or the ability to remain stable in their environment, as part of their Intelligent Design, from the smallest cells and cellular material to large plants and animals.
Living things use energy sources to stay alive and function. Common sources of energy are food, water, and the sun, in combination with internal energy production.
Living things can adapt to their environment as part of Intelligent Design, and some scientists call this ability or process "evolution."
The smallest unit of matter on Earth for biological purposes is the atom, and two or more atoms can join together to form a molecule.
Macromolecules occur when many molecules join together in chains or strands.
A cell is the smallest unit of a living organism and this cell contains many atoms and molecules inside its walls.
Some living things contain only one cell, but most living organisms contain many cells joined together.
Organelles are smaller parts inside a cell that are also made up of many atoms and molecules and bound by membranes. Organelles work together to help the cell function.
The cell is controlled by a central organelle called the nucleus.
Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus.
Eukaryotes are single-celled organisms or cells of a larger organism with many cells. Eukaryote cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles.
Cells in multi-cellular organisms join together to form tissues, which are similar cells that join together to perform a related function.
Tissues combine together to form organs that perform a common function. Larger animals have organ systems where several organs work together.
Cells, tissues, and organs are found in animals and plants.
An organism is one living thing, as small as one cell or as large as a mammal or human with many cells, tissues, and organs.
A collection of similar organisms that live together or near each other is called a population.
A combination of different organisms that live together or near each other is called a community.
An ecosystem is a community of different organisms living together along with the nonliving things in the environment like water, soil, rock, air, and chemicals.
The combination of all ecosystems on earth is called the biosphere, and the biosphere represents all levels of life on Earth plus the water, soil, and atmosphere.
There is much diversity of life on earth, from single-celled organisms to multicellular organisms.
Biology is the most broad term for the academic study of life and living things, in addition to life science.
Microbiology focuses on the study of single celled organisms that are microscopic.
Biochemists and molecular biologists study chemicals inside living cells, particularly organic molecules or biomolecules.
Neurobiology or neuroscience is the study of the nervous system or brain system of living things, particularly in humans and animals.
Paleontology is the study of fossils, or the remains of animals that have passed away inside the Earth's layers.
Zoology is the study of animals, commonly multicellular animals.
Botany is the study of plants.
Ecologists study the environments in which animals and plants live and how they interact with each other.
Newer academic fields in biology use technology and computers to genetically modify organisms or to study genetic material inside the cells of living things.
Biology is the academic study of life.
Science in the Latin language means "knowledge."
Scientific Method is an orderly process used to research and experiment a particular topic.
Hypothesis a guess that is later tested.
Theory is stronger than a hypothesis and based on observation or experiments.
Biology is a Natural Science and a Life Science
Life Science focuses on the study of living things on Earth while physical science focuses on the nonliving things on Earth. However, both are connected and related.
Scientific Reasoning involves: Inductive Reasoning and Deductive Reasoning (both are used in science)
Inductive Reasoning uses observations to make a conclusion. (descriptive science)
Deductive Reasoning uses a general principle or law to make a conclusion. (hypothesis-based science)
The Scientific Method: Sir Francis Bacon of Britain is given credit, however, the scientific method was used by earlier philosophers and scientists.
Propose Hypothesis=Test Hypothesis
Variable=is the part of an experiment that can change.
Control or control group=in the experiment is kept the same or neutral and used as a benchmark to see how the variable changes.
Scientific Method Steps=Observation=Question=Hypothesis=Prediction=Experiment=Result=Conclusion
Basic Science=seeks knowledge without application
Applied Science=seeks applications to knowledge or technology.
Many scientific discoveries are made by unexpected accident, when the scientist was looking for something else.
Scientists report their research work by peer review, by publishing a report in a scientific journal or book, and the consensus in the field gives approval of the work.
A scientific paper begins with an Abstract, which is a short and concise summary of one or more scientist's research.
The introduction is the next part of the scientific paper, which gives background information about the scientist's research.
Materials and methods used in the scientific study are described next.
Then the results of the research are explained and discussed further.
A conclusion section is written next in the scientific paper.
Sources of information used in the research are formally cited in the scientific paper in order to maintain credibility.
Ethics are important in scientific research, so that no person, animal, or the environment is harmed or treated unfairly during the research.
Themes and Concepts in Biology
Order and design is apparent theme and concept in biology, biosciences, and the biosphere on Earth.
Living things (organisms) respond to stimuli because of sensitivity, which is a characteristic of all living things.
Living things reproduce new offspring.
Adaptation of living things to their environment is part of their Intelligent Design.
Living things grow and develop.
Living things show the ability to regulate and homeostasis, or the ability to remain stable in their environment, as part of their Intelligent Design, from the smallest cells and cellular material to large plants and animals.
Living things use energy sources to stay alive and function. Common sources of energy are food, water, and the sun, in combination with internal energy production.
Living things can adapt to their environment as part of Intelligent Design, and some scientists call this ability or process "evolution."
The smallest unit of matter on Earth for biological purposes is the atom, and two or more atoms can join together to form a molecule.
Macromolecules occur when many molecules join together in chains or strands.
A cell is the smallest unit of a living organism and this cell contains many atoms and molecules inside its walls.
Some living things contain only one cell, but most living organisms contain many cells joined together.
Organelles are smaller parts inside a cell that are also made up of many atoms and molecules and bound by membranes. Organelles work together to help the cell function.
The cell is controlled by a central organelle called the nucleus.
Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus.
Eukaryotes are single-celled organisms or cells of a larger organism with many cells. Eukaryote cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles.
Cells in multi-cellular organisms join together to form tissues, which are similar cells that join together to perform a related function.
Tissues combine together to form organs that perform a common function. Larger animals have organ systems where several organs work together.
Cells, tissues, and organs are found in animals and plants.
An organism is one living thing, as small as one cell or as large as a mammal or human with many cells, tissues, and organs.
A collection of similar organisms that live together or near each other is called a population.
A combination of different organisms that live together or near each other is called a community.
An ecosystem is a community of different organisms living together along with the nonliving things in the environment like water, soil, rock, air, and chemicals.
The combination of all ecosystems on earth is called the biosphere, and the biosphere represents all levels of life on Earth plus the water, soil, and atmosphere.
There is much diversity of life on earth, from single-celled organisms to multicellular organisms.
Biology is the most broad term for the academic study of life and living things, in addition to life science.
Microbiology focuses on the study of single celled organisms that are microscopic.
Biochemists and molecular biologists study chemicals inside living cells, particularly organic molecules or biomolecules.
Neurobiology or neuroscience is the study of the nervous system or brain system of living things, particularly in humans and animals.
Paleontology is the study of fossils, or the remains of animals that have passed away inside the Earth's layers.
Zoology is the study of animals, commonly multicellular animals.
Botany is the study of plants.
Ecologists study the environments in which animals and plants live and how they interact with each other.
Newer academic fields in biology use technology and computers to genetically modify organisms or to study genetic material inside the cells of living things.